2 Kings 19:32

Authorized King James Version

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Therefore thus saith the LORD concerning the king of Assyria, He shall not come into this city, nor shoot an arrow there, nor come before it with shield, nor cast a bank against it.

Original Language Analysis

לָכֵ֗ן H3651
לָכֵ֗ן
Strong's: H3651
Word #: 1 of 23
properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction) rightly or so (in various applications to manner
כֹּֽה H3541
כֹּֽה
Strong's: H3541
Word #: 2 of 23
properly, like this, i.e., by implication, (of manner) thus (or so); also (of place) here (or hither); or (of time) now
אָמַ֤ר Therefore thus saith H559
אָמַ֤ר Therefore thus saith
Strong's: H559
Word #: 3 of 23
to say (used with great latitude)
יְהוָה֙ the LORD H3068
יְהוָה֙ the LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 4 of 23
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 5 of 23
near, with or among; often in general, to
מֶ֣לֶךְ concerning the king H4428
מֶ֣לֶךְ concerning the king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 6 of 23
a king
אַשּׁ֔וּר of Assyria H804
אַשּׁ֔וּר of Assyria
Strong's: H804
Word #: 7 of 23
ashshur, the second son of shem; also his descendants and the country occupied by them (i.e., assyria), its region and its empire
לֹ֤א H3808
לֹ֤א
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 8 of 23
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
יָבֹא֙ He shall not come H935
יָבֹא֙ He shall not come
Strong's: H935
Word #: 9 of 23
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 10 of 23
near, with or among; often in general, to
הָעִ֣יר into this city H5892
הָעִ֣יר into this city
Strong's: H5892
Word #: 11 of 23
a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)
הַזֹּ֔את H2063
הַזֹּ֔את
Strong's: H2063
Word #: 12 of 23
this (often used adverb)
וְלֹֽא H3808
וְלֹֽא
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 13 of 23
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
יוֹרֶ֥ה nor shoot H3384
יוֹרֶ֥ה nor shoot
Strong's: H3384
Word #: 14 of 23
properly, to flow as water (i.e., to rain); transitively, to lay or throw (especially an arrow, i.e., to shoot); figuratively, to point out (as if by
שָׁ֖ם H8033
שָׁ֖ם
Strong's: H8033
Word #: 15 of 23
there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or thence
חֵ֑ץ an arrow H2671
חֵ֑ץ an arrow
Strong's: H2671
Word #: 16 of 23
properly, a piercer, i.e., an arrow; by implication, a wound; figuratively, (of god) thunder-bolt; the shaft of a spear
וְלֹֽא H3808
וְלֹֽא
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 17 of 23
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
יְקַדְּמֶ֣נָּה there nor come before H6923
יְקַדְּמֶ֣נָּה there nor come before
Strong's: H6923
Word #: 18 of 23
to project (one self), i.e., precede; hence, to anticipate, hasten, meet (usually for help)
מָגֵ֔ן it with shield H4043
מָגֵ֔ן it with shield
Strong's: H4043
Word #: 19 of 23
a shield (i.e., the small one or buckler); figuratively, a protector; also the scaly hide of the crocodile
וְלֹֽא H3808
וְלֹֽא
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 20 of 23
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
יִשְׁפֹּ֥ךְ nor cast H8210
יִשְׁפֹּ֥ךְ nor cast
Strong's: H8210
Word #: 21 of 23
to spill forth (blood, a libation, liquid metal; or even a solid, i.e., to mound up); also (figuratively) to expend (life, soul, complaint, money, etc
עָלֶ֖יהָ H5921
עָלֶ֖יהָ
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 22 of 23
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
סֹֽלְלָֽה׃ a bank H5550
סֹֽלְלָֽה׃ a bank
Strong's: H5550
Word #: 23 of 23
a military mound, i.e., rampart of besiegers

Analysis & Commentary

Therefore thus saith the LORD concerning the king of Assyria, He shall not come into this city, nor shoot an arrow there, nor come before it with shield, nor cast a bank against it.

This verse contributes to the overall theme of chapter 19: Faith vindicated through divine intervention. The divine name emphasizes Yahweh's covenant relationship with Israel and His sovereign control over historical events. The reference to kingship reminds readers that all human authority is subordinate to God's ultimate kingship. In Judah's later history, we see both genuine reforms and deep-rooted corruption, revealing that external religious activity cannot substitute for heart transformation.

The narrative demonstrates God's justice in judging covenant unfaithfulness while maintaining His ultimate purposes for redemption.

Historical Context

Historical Setting: 2 Kings 19 takes place during Hezekiah's reign in Judah, late 8th century BCE, around 715-686 BCE. The chapter's theme (God Delivers Jerusalem) reflects the historical reality of genuine religious reform under Hezekiah, including trust in God that resulted in miraculous deliverance from Assyria. Archaeological evidence from this period includes royal inscriptions, administrative documents, and material culture that corroborate the biblical account while providing additional context for understanding the political and social dynamics at work.

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